Fruit Albatross, Arbutus unedo (strawberry tree). Spherical berries of ta diameter of he approximately 2 cm. covered with a thick skin made of granules, they ripen in autumn, one year after flowering; only then albatrelle have the characteristic dark red color, become soft to the touch and with the plump pulp. The taste is extremely delicate: for this reason, given the lack of flavor of the fruit, the word “albatrella” in Maremma is also used as a synonym for silly and insignificant person.

Valley made of the soil subject to landslides.

Generally, a bandit, an armed outlaws. In the common meaning this was a robber who assaulted the travellers in open country, alone or in aggregated bands. Who, in the collective imagination, was seen as a cruel and blood thirsty person, although sometimes this figure has also been mythologized. This character finds its precise historical connotation the period immediately following Italy’s Unification. In the second half of the nineteenth century, the brigands where one of the most visible sores the Province of Grosseto. In Tuscany, the bandits were generally solitary: they had apprentices, they imposed their style, but these where never taken by the ambition to command small armies. They became outlaws more for a choice of a way of life, a profession without a precise ideological reference. The first bandit that signed the local history was Enrico Stoppa, who raged across the Orbetello area from 1853 up to 1863. The other important groups were the ones of Domenico Tiburzi and the one of Ausini, Albertini, Fioravanti, Ranucci, Settimio and Domenico Menichetti. Who were these bandits, common criminals or the gentlemen who robbed the rich to give to the poor? The honorable Massari explained the phenomenon of banditry as “the savage and brutal protest of misery(of the miserables) against the ancient and centuriesold injustices”, related to the existence of large estates Maremma and social tensions. It is not a coincidence that the most serious incidents of violence occurred against guards, gamekeepers, factors, police and other representatives of the main powers and the state. Many bandits were wrapped in an aura of legend and surrounded by popular support. In Maremma banditry was characterized by a form of tax at the expense of large landowners who held in their hands the agricultural economy of the area; for the insolvent the typical blackmailing was to set fire, a typical way of reacting of the laborers of Maremma against the landowners. Banditry was defeated in the late nineteenth century. A few bandits ended up handcuffed: but most preferred to fall under the bullets of the police rather than surrender and end up under arrest.

Head.

The largest of the islands of the Tuscan Archipelago, and the third of Italian islands. The coasts, generally high and rocky, are jagged with numerous ledges and inlets. This is the home of the National Park of the Tuscan Archipelago. An ancient legend has it that when the Tyrrhenian Venus was born from the waves, the jewel with which the goddess was adorned, broke. The tiara and its gems fell into water transforming into the island of Elba and the other islands of the Tuscan Archipelago.

Harrow (in Maremma “erpico”) agricultural Machinery used for treating the surface of the soil by using teeth or blades or steel discs vertically arranged. Sharpening the ground this allows to cover the seeds.

Dry spikelet used for with stiff and barbed fur, which belongs to the genus of grasses.

Very irritated, angry. It ‘also was used as an adjective to indicate that such a thing was very strong, as an example:“this chili pinhes inguastito”.

Any type of tape, cord or strap that is used to bind.

Wodden cabinet with tall sides used for making bread or to store flour or other goods (food products).

This is a mantle made in a coarse fabric once worn by the poor or by shepherds. It was a coat similar to a cloak (cape used on certain occasions over clerical garb), with buttons, collar, sleeves and “pistagna” (padded cloth, used as cover for the collar or lapel).

A place sheltered from the wind.

Plum or prun.

That strip of land, harsh and bushy, forming the rivers edge during floods.

Small double ladder, made of wood, planted placed on the borders to cross hedges that divided the fields.

A person with very little brains, stupid, dazed and shortly sly.

Dialect name of Centaurea solstitialis. wild plant with thorns also known as yellow cornflower. It blooms from June to September and prefers dry places, uncultivated and stony, olive groves and road edges. It is a melliferous plant and it can be eaten by sheep before the appearance of the thorns in the flower heads. But it is toxic for horses.

Make a disaster, but also a massacre, a slaughter or a carnage.

Schistose soil, rich in fine and rocky stones.

Term with a double meaning. Used for Stilt. Each of the two long sticks that, at a certain height, are joined by a little shelf on which they support their feet, in order to be able to walk remaining at a distance from the ground. These tools are used to cross swamps or as a disguise in the game. Used in maremma to cross the ditches full of water. In Maremma it also indicated a person that gets in the way.

Draft horse. Derives from the Latin “potelum” that means to pull forward.

Door.